Chicken Pox : symptoms, complications, treatment and prevention

Chickenpox, also known as varicella, is a highly contagious disease caused by the initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV).The disease results in a characteristic skin rash that forms small, itchy blisters, which eventually scab over. It usually starts on the chest, back, and face. It then spreads to the rest of the body. Other symptoms may include fever, tiredness, and headaches. Symptoms usually last five to seven days. Complications may occasionally include pneumonia, inflammation of the brain, and bacterial skin infections. The disease is often more severe in adults than in children. Symptoms begin 10 to 21 days after exposure to the virus.-Source:Wikipedia

100 Thousands of cases per year in Nigeria

*Signs and symptoms

1)Fever and Headache

2)Itchiness

3)Loss of appetite

4)Malaise(feeling of being unwell)

5)Crusts and scabs

6)papules(raised bump)

*Transmission

1)By airborne respiratory droplets.

2)By saliva (kissing).

3)By skin-to-skin contact (handshakes or hugs).

4)By touching a contaminated surface (bed sheets, clothes).

5)By mother to baby by pregnancy, labor, or nursing.

*Treatment and medication

1)Use of Paracetamol

2)Calamine lotion

3)Do not scratch the itch

4)Stay in a cool place

5)Stay hydrated

*Complications in adult

1)Bacterial infections of the skin, soft tissues, and/or bones.

2)Dehydration

3)Bleeding problems

4)Pneumonia

5)Inflammation of the brain.

*Prevention

A vaccine is available for varicella. For children, 2 doses of the varicella vaccine are given, one at 12 to 15 months and one at age 4 to 6 years. These are 90 percent effective at preventing chickenpox.

By Victor Olorunfemi

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